HD DVD - Wikipedia. Optical discs. Optical media types. Compact disc (CD): CD- DA, CD- ROM, CD- R, CD- RW, 5. Music Disc, Super Audio CD (SACD), Photo CD, CD Video (CDV), Video CD (VCD), Super Video CD (SVCD), CD+G, CD- Text, CD- ROM XA, CD- i. DVD: DVD- R, DVD+R, DVD- R DL, DVD+R DL, DVD- R DS, DVD+R DS, DVD- RW, DVD+RW, DVD- RAM, DVD- D, DVD- A, HVD, Eco. Disc. Blu- ray Disc (BD): BD- R & BD- RE, Ultra HD Blu- ray. Blu- ray 3. DUniversal Media Disc (UMD)Enhanced Versatile Disc (EVD)Forward Versatile Disc (FVD)Holographic Versatile Disc (HVD)China Blue High- definition Disc (CBHD)HD DVD: HD DVD- R, HD DVD- RW, HD DVD- RAMHigh- Definition Versatile Multilayer Disc (HD VMD)VCDHDGD- ROMPersonal Video Disc (PVD)Mini.

Disc (MD), Hi- MDLaser. Disc (LD), LD- ROM, LV- ROMVideo Single Disc (VSD)Ultra Density Optical (UDO)Stacked Volumetric Optical Disk (SVOD)Five dimensional disc (5. D DVD)Nintendo optical disc (NOD)Archival Disc. Professional Disc. HD DVD (short for High Definition/Density Digital Versatile/Video Disc)[1] is a discontinued high- density optical disc format for storing data and playback of high- definition video.[2] Supported principally by Toshiba, HD DVD was envisioned to be the successor to the standard DVD format. On 1. 9 February 2. Blu- ray, Toshiba abandoned the format,[3] announcing it would no longer develop or manufacture HD DVD players and drives.[2] The HD DVD Promotion Group was dissolved on March 2.

The HD DVD physical disc specifications (but not the codecs) were still in use as the basis for the China Blue High- definition Disc (CBHD) formerly called CH- DVD. Because all variants except 3× DVD and HD REC employed a blue laser with a shorter wavelength, HD DVD stored about 3. GB per layer compared to 4. GB per layer). History[edit]In the late 1.

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HDTV sets started to enter a larger market, but there was no inexpensive way to record or play back HD content. JVC's D- VHS and Sony's HDCAM formats could store that amount of data, but were neither popular nor well- known.[5] It was well known that using lasers with shorter wavelengths would yield optical storage with higher density.

Shuji Nakamura invented practical blue laser diodes, but a lengthy patent lawsuit delayed commercial introduction.[6]Origins and competition from Blu- ray Disc[edit]Sony started two projects applying the new diodes: UDO (Ultra Density Optical) and DVR Blue together with Philips, a format of rewritable discs which would eventually become Blu- ray Disc (more specifically, BD- RE) and later on with Pioneer a format of read only discs (BD- ROM).[7] The two formats share several technologies (such as the AV codecs and the laser diode). In February 2. 00. Blu- ray Disc,[8] and the Blu- ray Disc Association was founded by the nine initial members. The DVD Forum (chaired by Sony) was deeply split over whether to go with the more expensive blue lasers or not.

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Although today's Blu- ray Discs appear virtually identical to a standard DVD, when the Blu- ray Discs were initially developed they required a protective caddy to avoid mis- handling by the consumer (early CD- Rs also featured a protective caddy for the same purpose.) The Blu- ray Disc prototype's caddy was both expensive and physically different from DVD, posing several problems.[9] In March 2. Warner Bros. and other motion picture studios that involved compressing HD content onto dual- layer DVD- 9 discs.[1. In spite of this decision, the DVD Forum's Steering Committee announced in April that it was pursuing its own blue- laser high- definition solution. In August, Toshiba and NEC announced their competing standard Advanced Optical Disc.[1. It was adopted by the DVD forum and renamed to HD DVD the next year.[1.

The HD DVD Promotion Group was a group of manufacturers and media studios formed to exchange thoughts and ideas to help promote the format worldwide.[1. Its members comprised Toshiba as the Chair Company and Secretary, Memory- Tech Corporation and NEC as Vice- Chair companies, and Sanyo Electric as Auditors; there were 6. The HD DVD promotion group was officially dissolved on March 2. Toshiba's announcement on February 1. HD DVD players and drives. Attempts to avoid a format war[edit]Much like the VHS vs.

Betamaxvideotape format war during the late 1. HD DVD was competing with a rival format—in this case, Blu- ray Disc. In 2. 00. 8, major content manufacturers and key retailers began withdrawing their support for the format. In an attempt to avoid a costly format war, the Blu- ray Disc Association and DVD Forum attempted to negotiate a compromise in early 2. One of the issues was that Blu- ray Disc companies wanted to use a Java- based platform for interactivity (BD- J based on Sun Microsystems' Java TV standards), while HD DVD companies wanted to use Microsoft's "i. HD" (which became HDi).[1.

Another problem was the physical formats of the discs themselves.[1. The negotiations proceeded slowly and ultimately stalled.[1. On August 2. 2, 2. Blu- ray Disc Association and DVD Forum announced that the negotiations to unify their standards had failed.[1. Rumors surfaced that talks had stalled; publicly, the same reasons of physical format incompatibility were cited.[1. By the end of September that year, Microsoft and Intel jointly announced their support for HD DVD.[2.

Hewlett- Packard (HP) attempted to broker a compromise between the Blu- ray Disc Association and Microsoft by demanding that Blu- ray Disc use Microsoft's HDi instead of BD- J and threatening to support HD DVD instead.[2. The Blu- ray Disc Association did not agree to HP's demands.[2. In November 2. 00. Microsoft released an HD DVD player for their Xbox 3. It came packaged with King Kong and could only play movies. On March 3. 1, 2. Toshiba released their first consumer- based HD DVD player in Japan at ¥1.

US$9. 34).[2. 4] HD DVD was released in the United States on April 1. The first HD DVD titles were released on April 1. They were The Last Samurai, Million Dollar Baby, and The Phantom of the Opera by Warner Home Video and Serenity by Universal Studios.[2. The first independent HD film released on HD DVD was One Six Right.[2. Sales developments[edit]In December 2. Toshiba reported that roughly 1. Toshiba branded HD DVD players had been sold in the United States, along with 1.

HD DVD add- on units for the Xbox 3. On April 1. 7, 2. HD DVD titles were released,[2. HD DVD group reported that they had sold 1.

HD DVD units in the United States.[3. In the middle of 2. HD DVD Recorders were released in Japan.[3.

In November 2. 00. Toshiba HD- A2 was the first high definition player to be sold at a sale price of less than US$1. HD- A3 models. These closeout sales lasted less than a day each due to both limited quantities and high demand at that price point. In the same month, the HD DVD promotion group announced that 7. HD DVD players had been sold, which included stand- alone players and the Xbox 3. In January 2. 00. Toshiba announced that close to one million dedicated HD DVD players had been sold.[3.

As of June 2. 4, 2. HD DVD titles had been released in the US.[3.

As of April 2. 9, 2. HD DVD titles had been released in Japan.[3. Approximately 2. 32 were released in the UK.[citation needed]Decline[edit]On January 4, 2. Warner Bros. publicly announced it would stop supporting HD DVD by June 2. HD titles only on Blu- ray Disc.[3.

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